# Case (Criminality and HRA claims). Al Hassan-Daniel v HMRC \[2010\] EWCA Civ 1443

**URL:** <https://forum.mentalhealthlaw.co.uk/t/case-criminality-and-hra-claims-al-hassan-daniel-v-hmrc-2010-ewca-civ-1443/5484>\
**Category:** MHLO updates\
**Created:** [21 April 2026 11:05 UTC](https://forum.mentalhealthlaw.co.uk/t/case-criminality-and-hra-claims-al-hassan-daniel-v-hmrc-2010-ewca-civ-1443/5484 "2026-04-21T11:05:00Z")\
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**Author:** ![MHLO](https://forum.mentalhealthlaw.co.uk/user_avatar/forum.mentalhealthlaw.co.uk/mhlo/32/24_2.png) [@MHLO](https://forum.mentalhealthlaw.co.uk/u/MHLO)\
**Post date:** [21 April 2026 11:05 UTC](https://forum.mentalhealthlaw.co.uk/t/case-criminality-and-hra-claims-al-hassan-daniel-v-hmrc-2010-ewca-civ-1443/5484/1 "2026-04-21T11:05:00Z")

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— A drug smuggler swallowed a kilogram of cocaine and died of poisoning in custody after refusing all food and almost all drink for a week. The criminality defence (ex turpi causa non oritur actio: no claim arises from a dishonourable cause of action), more correctly understood as a control on jurisdiction, applies to common law claims, but not to Human Rights Act 1998 claims. The claims under Article 2 and 3 could therefore proceed, but the court doubted whether they would succeed on causation. The court also confirmed that a "victim" in the HRA can include close relatives such as the claimants.

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Full details available at: [https://www.mentalhealthlaw.co.uk/Al\_Hassan-Daniel\_v\_HMRC\_(2010)\_EWCA\_Civ\_1443?id=210426-1105](https://www.mentalhealthlaw.co.uk/Al_Hassan-Daniel_v_HMRC_(2010)_EWCA_Civ_1443?id=210426-1105)